![]() For individuals with eating disorders, the first years of illness appears to offer a critical window for recovery, beyond which outcomes are poorer. ![]() The principle of early diagnosis and early intervention to optimize disease outcomes is widely accepted in mental health. It is a promising alternative to existing diagnostic tools, and may help streamline the identification of feeding and eating disorders in clinical settings and in research. The Norwegian EDA-5 can quickly and efficiently generate DSM-5 diagnoses without compromising diagnostic accuracy. The EDA-5 was significantly quicker to administer compared to the EDE (22 vs. The majority of discrepant cases occurred between full- and sub-threshold AN and BN. Among individual diagnostic categories, kappas ranged from moderate (.49) to perfect (1.00) agreement. ![]() Results showed that diagnoses assigned using EDE and EDA-5 were identical for 75 (82.4%) of the 91 cases. Diagnoses assigned using the EDA-5 were compared to diagnoses from the EDE interview (v. MethodĪ total of 91 (87 females and 4 males) adult in- and out-patients were recruited from two of the largest eating disorder clinics in Norway. The current study aimed to validate the Norwegian version of the EDA-5, and is the first international validation of this diagnostic tool. The original English version has strong psychometric properties, and previous research has shown high rates of agreement between diagnoses generated by the Eating Disorder Examination (EDE) interview and the EDA-5. It is not unusual to notice that younger children are frequently eating nonnutritive substances.Ĭopyright © 2023, StatPearls Publishing LLC.The Eating Disorder Assessment for DSM-5 (EDA-5) is an electronic, semi-structured interview developed to assess feeding and eating disorders following DSM-5 criteria. It is important to understand that in order to diagnose pica, the individual must be at least 2 years of age. Pica usually occurs as an isolated disorder but there are instances when it may co-exist with schizophrenia, OCD, and trichotillomania. In some parts of the world, the consumption of non-nutritive substances is culturally accepted. In women, it is most often seen during pregnancy. The nature of ingested items is variable, including but not limited to earth (geophagy), raw starches (amylophagy), ice (pagophagia), charcoal, ash, paper, chalk, cloth, baby powder, coffee grounds, and eggshells.Īlthough pica is seen in children, it is also a common eating disorder in patients who are intellectually impaired. For diagnosis, the behavior must persist for at least one month, not be in keeping with the child's developmental stage (and age cut off of 24 months or more is suggested by DSM V), and not be socially normative or culturally acceptable behavior. The term is derived from "pica-pica," the Latin word for the magpie bird, because of the bird's indiscriminate gathering and eating a variety of objects for the sake of curiosity. The American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) defines pica as eating nonnutritive, nonfood substances over a period of at least one month.
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